ROOT: This is the foundation of the word. All medical terms consists of one or more ROOTS.
eg. pulmonology in this word pulm/ is the ROOT, which means lung.
See some more examples:
1. gastritis (inflammation of the intestine) – gastr/o is the ROOT, which means intestine.
2. hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) – hepa/o is the root, which means liver
3. cardiology (study of heart) – cardi/0 means heart
4. adenoma (tumorous mass) – aden/o means gland
5. arthritis (inflammation of the joint) – arthr/o means joint
6. biology (study of life) – bio/o means life
7. carcinoma (cancerous tumor) – carcin/o means cancerous tumor
8. cardiology – cardi/o means heart
9. cephalic – cephal/o means head
10. incision – cis/o means cutting into
11. endocrine – crini/o means gland
12. cytology – cyt/o means cell
13. cystoscopy – cyst/o means bladder
14. dermatitis – derm/o means skin
15. dermatology – dermat/o means skin
16. electrocardiogram – electro/o means electricity
17. encephalopathy – encephal/o means head
18. enteritis (inflammation of the small intestine) – enter/o – means small intestine
19. erythrocyte (red blood cell) – erythr/o means red
20. gastrology (study of stomach) – gastr/o means stomach
21. diagnosis (complete knowledge) – gnos/o means knowledge
22. gynecology (study of woman)- gynec/o means female
23. hematology (study of blood)- hemat/o means blood
24. hematoma (blood tumor) – hem/o means blood
25. hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) hepat/o means liver
26. iatrogenic (state of unexpected side effects) iatr/o means unexpected
27. leukemia (abnormal increase of white blood cells) leuk/o white cell
28. nephrology (study of kidneys) nephr/o means kidney
29. neurology (study of nerves) neur/o means nerve
30. oncology (study of tumors) onc/o means tumor
31. ophthalmology (visual study of eyes) ophthalm/o means eyes
32. osteitis (inflammation of bones) oste/o means bone
33. pathology (microscopic examination of a death cells) path/o means death body
34. pediatrician (specialist in children) ped/o means child
35. psychology (study of mind) psych/o means mind
36. radiology (study of x-rays) radi/o means x-rays
37. renal (pertaining to kidneys) ren/o means kidney
38. rhinitis (study of nose) rhin/o means nose
39. sarcoma (malignant tumor) sarc/o means malignant
40. resection (resection or cutting back) sect/o means cutting
41. thrombocyte (clotting cells or platelets) thromb/o means clot
42. urology (study of urine) ur/o means urine
COMBINING VOWEL: In all these root we see the letter /O/, which combines root to the suffix or word ending.