Stomach cancer is common throughout the world and affects all races, it is more common in men than women, and has its peak age range between 40 and 60 years old. Stomach cancer mortality is higher in Japan and Chile, presumably because of the different diets in those countries where they are less dependent on red meat.
Over the last 25 years the incidence of stomach cancer in the western world has decreased by 50% and the resulting death rate is less than a third of what it used to be but in less developed countries it is still a major cause of death, probably because in these countries by the time the disease is diagnosed (usually by means of a Barium meal) the stomach cancer is at a very advanced stage.
TYPES OF STOMACH CANCER
There are several different types of stomach cancer, some of which are very rare. The most common types of stomach cancer start in the glandular cells of the stomach lining (adenocarcinomas), this is where stomach acid and digestive enzymes are made, and where most stomach cancers start. When the stomach cancer becomes more advanced, it can travel through the bloodstream and spread to organs such as the liver, lungs, and bones. Stomach cancers that start in the lymphatic tissue (lymphoma), in the stomach’s muscular tissue (sarcoma) or in the tissues that support the organs of the digestive system (gastrointestinal stromal tumors) are less common and are treated in different ways.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Early clues to stomach cancer are chronic dyspepsia and epigastric discomfort, followed in later stages by weight loss, anorexia, a feeling of fullness after eating, anemia and fatigue. Blood in the stools may also be present and if the Cancer is in the Cardia (top) vomiting may occur.
CAUSATION
The exact cause of stomach cancer is unknown although the presence of the Helicopter pylori bacterium seems to be a major factor. Predisposing factors include environmental influences such as smoking and high alcohol intake. Because stomach cancer is more common amongst those with a family history and with people with type A blood, genetic factors are also implicated. Dietary factors, particularly methods of food preservation such as pickling, smoking or salting also have an influence on the prevalence of stomach cancer.
DIAGNOSIS
Stomach cancer is diagnosed through an examination that may include an upper gastrointestinal (GI) series; endoscopy or gastroscopy where a thin flexible tube is passed down the throat so the doctor can see into the stomach, esophagus and upper part of the bowel Barium meals and Barium swallows. Because stomach cancer can spread to the liver, the pancreas, and other organs near the stomach as well as to the lungs, the doctor may order a CT scan, a PET scan, an endoscopic ultrasound exam, or other tests to check these areas.
Stomach cancer can spread (metastasize) to the esophagus or the small intestine, and can extend through the stomach wall to nearby lymph nodes and organs. Metastasis occurs in 80-90% of individuals with stomach cancer, with a five year survival rate of 75% in those diagnosed in early stages and less than 30% of those diagnosed in late stages.
TREATMENT
Although stomach cancer may be treated with surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy, in many cases surgery is the treatment of choice. Even in patients whose disease is not considered surgically curable, resection offers a palliative effect and improves potential benefits from chemotherapy.
The nature and extent of the cancer determines what kind of surgery is most appropriate. Common surgical procedures include, partial and total removal of the stomach.
Antiemetics can control nausea, which increases as the cancer advances. In the more advanced stages, sedatives and tranquilizers may be necessary to control anxiety. Narcotics are commonly necessary to control sever and unremitting pain.
In some cases of advanced stomach cancer, a laser beam directed through an endoscope can vaporize most of the tumor and relieve obstruction without an operation.
PROGNOSIS
Stomach cancer is curable if detected early, but most people don’t seek medical help until the disease is quite advanced, possibly because symptoms occur late and are often vague and non-specific. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables that contain antioxidant vitamins (such as A and C) appears to lower the risk of stomach cancer. The rate of stomach cancer is about doubled in smokers so the cessation of smoking is essential.
In the United States and most of the Western world, the 5-year survival rate ranges from 5-15%. In Japan, where stomach cancer often is diagnosed early, the 5 year survival rate is about 50%. Five year survival rates for more advanced stomach cancers range from, around 20% for those with regional disease to almost nil for those with distant metastases.
Treatment for metastatic stomach cancer can relieve symptoms and sometimes prolong survival, but long remissions are not common. The survival of inoperable stomach cancer is usually only a few months if untreated. With chemotherapy the average survival is about 12 months. If cancer is found before it has spread, the five-year relative survival rate is about 61%.
Archive for the ‘aids & hiv’ Category
Trouble Sleeping?
If your problem is insomnia, and your doctor strongly suspects that a temporary stressful situation is causing your sleep problems, she may give you a prescription for a short-acting sedative-hypnotic medication, such as Ambien.
These medicines are safe and appropriate for short-time use to help you get through the rough patch without becoming to sleep deprived.
However, if your problems are more complex, or if your doctor notices symptoms related to an underlying movement or breathing disorder, they will probably refer you to a specialist for additional testing.
If your PCP doesn’t seem sympathetic to your concerns, he or she may not be well versed in identifying and treating sleep disorders. Some doctors may even dismiss your concerns. As strange as it sounds, sleep medicine is among the youngest fields of in contemporary medicine.
The majority of graduating physicians have 1 hour or less instruction in sleep disorders. Add to the lack of training in sleep disorders, the fact that a doctor’s clinical training involves long hours, high stress, and routine sleep deprivation.
Furthermore, tolerating sleep deprivation, during internships and residencies is commonly a point of pride among doctors, little wonder, then, that doctors who have developed a jaded view of sleep lack empathy for their sleep-deprived patients.
In addition, your doctor may be hesitant to prescribe a sleep aid such as sleeping pills because some PCPs still believe that all sleeping pills are addictive. In the past they were, but many excellent, non addicting sleep medicines are now available that your PCP may not be aware of.
Some family practitioners may also overlook sleep apnea and fail to refer patients who truly need treatment because they don’t recognize the symptoms the patient described as life threatening.
An article published in Medical Clinic of North America in 1999, reported that between 90 and 95% of all sleep apnea goes undiagnosed. Many of these cases slip through the nets of family practitioners, unnoticed.
Very recent studies published in leading medical journals this past year, indicate that sleep-disorder breathing has much wider spread and more serious consequences than previously realized. This sort of late-breaking medical news was obviously not available years ago, when your doctor was in medical school, even if sleep medicine has been taught
If you’re unhappy with your PCPs response to your concerns, ask for referral to another PCP or to a sleep specialist. Sleep specialists and PCPs aren’t the only doctors who work with sleep disorder patients.
After your doctor completes your initial exam, if he believes you need additional diagnostic procedures or more specialized care, he may refer you to a specialist. After you see your PCP you may also see:
o Neurologist
o Psychologist
o Pulmonologist or internal medicine specialist.
o Pediatrician if the patient is a child
o Otolaryngologist (nose, ear and throat specialist-ENT)
o Dentist who specializes in dental sleep medicine
The Fred Fracas
Just a week into Law & Order: White House Edition, Thompson appears to be locked in a head-to-head struggle with Republican front-runner Rudy Giuliani. A CNN/Opinion Research Corp. poll shows Thompson running at 27 percent among registered Republicans–just under Giuliani’s 28 percent. Considering the fact that the survey’s margin of error is 5 percent, it’s apparent that the left-of-center Giuliani and the right-of-center Thompson are caught in a statistical tie. In August, before he joined the Presidential cavalcade, Thompson was running at 22 percent, meaning that his poll numbers are heading in the right direction.
As might be expected, Thompson holds the lead among conservative voters, voters over the age of 50, Southerners, and men. Meanwhile, Giuliani has the edge among self-proclaimed moderates, voters under age 50, those in the Northeast and Midwest, and female voters.
At this point, Thompson offers plenty of novelty, avoiding the conventional platform of intra-party debates and opting for an appearance on Leno instead. He’s also considered Reaganesque, given his acting background, his communications skills, and his conservative credentials.
But does Thompson have the fire, money, and motivation to beat Democratic front-runner Hillary Clinton in a general election? The CNN poll finds Hollywood’s leading man trailing the former First Lady, 55 to 42 percent. Interestingly enough, in a June poll, the gap was much narrower–50 to 46 percent. Could it be that Thompson has already lost some of his star power, a full year before the general election? It’s also telling that, at this point in the game, Sen. Barack Obama would also beat Thompson, 53 to 41 percent.
One analyst was quoted as saying that Thompson still lacks name recognition. According to one poll, a sizeable number of Americans say they’ve never heard of him–though, chances are, they have seen his face on the small screen or at their local Cineplex.
It should also be pointed out that it’s still a long way to travel to the Republican nomination. Thompson will need to raise about $20 million fast–no small feat, even for a Hollywood hit-maker. He’ll also have to have a strong showing in the early states in order to have the momentum to capture the grand GOP prize.
He’ll also need to avoid gaffes such as his recent statement that bin Laden is “more symbolism than anything else.”
Thompson also must define himself as a candidate–to set himself apart from the rest of the pack. While his previous day jobs might have been glamorous, he’ll need to demonstrate that he has the substance, as well as the sizzle, to lead his party to victory in 2008.
According to the Charlotte Observer, at a campaign stop in Columbia, Thompson stated, “There’ve been a lot of people saying, ‘When’s Fred going to get in?’ You don’t have to be in somebody’s face for two years to be elected President.”
That may be true, but, before an American family will invite you to sit at the head of their table, they have to get to know you first. And, unless Thompson has the money and manpower to clearly define who he is and what he will do as President, his popularity will wane faster than the box office appeal of the latest fall releases.
Herbal Sleep Aids – Natural Option For a Common Problem
Herbal sleep aids and some non-prescription sleep aids are the most effective way to get a good night’s sleep. Over 60,000,000 people in the United States alone suffer from insomnia. Reports show that 55 percent of adults regularly face a problem with insomnia and that number is growing everyday. Among these 93 percent agree that their performance at work is affected and 90 percent say they are more prone to accidents.
Over 40 percent of all women suffer from insomnia and about 30 percent of men. An insomniac normally gets 6 hours or less sleep daily. It’s a fact that those who suffer need help. Sleep is an integral part of a healthy lifestyle. A lack of sleep can have negative effects on your metabolism, immune system and appearance. However, prescription drugs make people nervous because of their side effects and the risk of addiction. This drives masses of people to search out the best non prescription sleep aids.
Until Bonamour International launched the Bonamour Mind/Body System, the non prescription sleep aids in the market were as follows:
OTC Sleep Aids
There is not enough space here to list all of the OTC sleep aids that are in the market. The resounding theme with these types of products though is that most contain antihistamines. Antihistamines are beautiful for managing allergies but the repercussions of dehydration and residual drowsiness can totally negate the benefits of sleeping through the night. Additional side-effects include blurred vision, dizziness, forgetfulness and dry mouth.
Herbal Sleep Aids
Avoiding antihistamines leads many down the path of searching for an herbal sleep aid. One of the most popular remedies is melatonin. Melatonin is actually a hormone that regulates the body’s sleep-wake cycle and it is available as a dietary supplement. The problem is that the correct dosage for optimal results is case by case and hard to regulate in a supplement. Additionally, side effects include drowsiness and headaches. Tryptophan, valerian and chamomile have all been reported to aid in sleep but their effectiveness through research remains inconclusive.
While there are tons of companies that focus on energy bursts and quick pick me ups, Bonamour Rejuvenate has a proprietary blend of herbs, powerful antioxidants with extremely high ORAC values and other essential supplements. This proprietary blend is a uniquely formulated nutritional supplementation that supports the rejuvenating powers of deep sleep.
It goes without saying that Bonamour has presented a viable option for two distinct niches in the natural supplementation market. The first is presenting an answer for those who suffer with insomnia but have grown tired of the side effects that are often common place when using prescription, non prescription sleep aids and other herbal sleep aids. And niche two, presenting an opportunity for savvy distributors and network marketers to bring their product to market as an option for those in niche one.
Whether you are interested in acquiring the nutritional supplement for yourself or marketing it to the masses, I suggest you have take notice. Bonamour is here to stay.
Bad Breath – Why Do You Get Bad Breath After Radiation
Bad breath is not always caused by anaerobic bacteria or improper oral hygiene. It can also be caused by a number of diseases such as oral and throat cancer. Unfortunately, one of the treatment solutions for these diseases often brings with it the nasty side effect of worsening their breath condition.
The treatment solution we are referring to is radiation therapy. Besides oral and throat cancer, there are also other conditions that are treated with radiation therapy and in these cases, bad breath is likely to be a side effect for the patients.
What is Radiation Therapy?
Radiation therapy comes with the use of a Linear Accelerator. This machine creates high energy electrons or protons which are then concentrated on the areas of the body that has been affected by the disease. Patients often need many treatment sessions as they need a dose of around 50 Gray. This is around 500 times more than what we will get when undergoing normal X-Ray.
The high dosage is enough to kill any living tissue. In most cases, radiation therapy is utilized when dealing with these forms of cancers:
Nasal sarcoma Nasal lymphoma Nasal carcinoma Brain tumor Skull tumors Pituitary tumors Laryngeal lymphoma Non resectable plasma cell tumors
Radiation therapy is also often used when dealing with incompletely excised but not yet recurrent soft tissue sarcomas or mast cell tumors. When dealing with large tumors, doctors usually combine link radiation therapy sessions with chemotherapy. This happens when an operation to remove the tumor is not feasible.
Dry Mouth and Radiation Therapy
After undergoing the necessary radiation therapy, there is a high possibility that you will end up with a dry mouth. This is what causes bad breath. With the reduced production of saliva in your mouth, it provides a perfect living environment for anaerobic bacteria to multiply. These bacteria not produce foul smelling gases while they feed on the food remains in your mouth but also produce waste products that will make your breath smell bad.
It is unfortunate to know that something that is going to treat one condition is also causing another but we can not compare cancer with bad breath because there is a lot more we can do in order to deal with dry mouth when compared with the disease.
The important thing is to ensure that all go well with the radiation therapy and it is a good treatment option. To tackle the problem of dry mouth, you may just need to make some modifications to your lifestyle.
Tackling Dry Mouth
The first thing you need to do is take in more liquids in order to not let your mouth get dry. Also, your oral hygiene needs to be stricter and washing your teeth and tongue together with flossing three times per day is needed. Mouthwashes should also be utilized and modifications in your diet might be needed.
There are a lot of foods that will leave residue in your mouth after meals. Anaerobic bacteria will feed on them leading to bad breath. The easiest solution is to reduce such food intake or if possible remove them totally from your diet.
Other Side Effects of Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy does not only cause bad breath but also other side effects. These side effects will probably make bad breath seem trivial. For example, radiation therapy may cause severe damage to the epithelial surfaces. In most cases the skin will become pink and sore and this condition will last for several weeks after the therapy. Severe reactions after treatments can remain at the same level for up to one week after the therapy session. Sometimes, more severe reactions can lead to skin break down.
Different areas of the body react differently to the radiation and some areas which are known to be sensitive include the areas underneath the female breast, the groin and the ear, where there are natural folds in the skin.
Swelling can appear due to general inflammation. This happens usually in the treatment of brain tumors and brain metastases. Infertility is another possibility and hence it is important to talk to your doctor and fully understand all the possible side effects of radiation therapy.
Bad Breath after Radiation
Radiation therapy is something that in most cases cannot be avoided and is necessary when dealing with cancer. Needless to say, cancer is far more dangerous than bad breath and the good news is that there are different methods of eliminating the bad breath that appears after radiation therapy.
In most cases it will all be about keeping your mouth as moist as possible and ensuring that saliva production is going on as normal. This will aid in neutralizing the oxygen free environment that is perfect for anaerobic bacteria to multiply which will end up causing bad odors. Do remember that when in doubt, do always consult your doctor. He or she will be able to advise you accordingly.
Heart Cancer
It will be surprising for many knowing about this term Heart Cancer. It is not that common and that is the reason why this is not there in our encyclopedia books. Let us take a look on what it is really and how it can be avoided and if possible how to cure it.
In General:
Many doctors say that this form of cancer is extremely rare and not many patients are seen suffering from this either. But yes it is a strong disease and is of the capacity of other heart disorders like arrhythmia and Congestive Heart Disease in terms of suffering and pain. The interesting thing to learn is that these cancers are not that dangerous as other forms of cancers are. Yes, but there is a threat of death and that too sudden death like seen in the cases of heart attack and Cardiac Arrest. In facts recent numbers game indicates that only a mere 0.1 deaths are due to Heart Cancers. Whether they died of cancer or other reasons is another question that is still answered.
Cancer in any part of the heart is called as Sarcoma. This is a type of Cancer which originates from the soft tissues of the body of the patient. However there is no necessity that the cancerous cell from the tissues should then affect the heart as they can any part of the body. The Lymphomas are the cells that may cause the Heart Cancer as they originate from the heart and then may affect the heart on its way causing Cancer. The other Cancers which affect the heart include melanomas and sarcomas.
How do they affect the Heart?
Heart Cancers not only result due to the proliferation of the cells in the heart. It can also be caused due to several reasons. The one way is by affecting the heart valves, which is called as Marantic Endocarditis. The term Endocarditis here does not mean the infection of the Heart Valves. The other form of Heart Cancer is called as Cardiac Fibrosis. It is commonly associated with the stiffening of the heart muscle. This stiffening process makes the heart work more and thus makes the heart tired and the person is susceptible all other complications of the heart like Arrhythmia and Heart Failure. Also the treatment given for any other cancer may in turn affect the heart itself. This is mainly due to the usage of certain chemotherapy drugs like Anthracyclines, High-dose Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), 5-FU, Taxanes, Trastuzumab (Herceptin) and IL-2.
Also radiation treatments should be given carefully as they may affect the heart if they are given directly as the heart muscle gets exposed directly thus damaging it. The patient may even develop other complications like Heart Murmurs, Congestive Heart Disease and other heart disorders.
Golf Swing Teaching Aids
Golf swing teaching aids all promise to aid you in making the perfect swing. Online, there are a lot of golf swing teaching aids to choose from. But before you go spend your hard-earned money on them, you have to understand first that you need to assess your strengths as well as weaknesses. Ask yourself what you still need to work on.
Use of golf swing teaching aids couple with constant practice can surely improve your game. Eventually, you will just realize that your golf swing has become perfect. Here are teaching aid options you can choose from:
- Impact Labels
There are different impact labels available. These are very handy. They come cheap, too. Impact labels are ought to be stuck to your club, leaving a mark once you are able to hit your golf ball. These impact labels certainly aid you in properly hitting the golf ball. Examining the marks left on your golf club will give you an idea whether you hit right or not.
- Speed radars
Speed radars, as the name implies, measure your golf ball’s speed. These speed radars are small and do not come in exorbitant prices. When using speed radars, you only have to place them in front, on the ground, while you take a hit. These are great training aids. A lot of golf schools use speed radars to help golf beginners. Using speed radars regularly can certainly motivate you. You will be able to know whether you are improving or just being consistent with your golf shots.
There are of course many other golf swing teaching aids that you can buy. Golf is a game which will always take constant work to improve and maintain your performance. But it is also a game that is very easy to enjoy, so your motivation will always be strong. The more you practice, the better golfer you will undoubtedly become. So practice every spare minute you have and you’ll certainly notice the difference in your game.
Compromised Immune System
Many different people can suffer from a compromised immune system. Although we typically think of those who suffer from HIV/AIDS and congenital diseases that affect the immune system first, anyone can run the risk of an improperly functioning immune system. AIDS and other diseases of the immune system very often lead to numerous serious infections. Those whose immune system is compromised for other reasons may only experience numerous colds and viruses.
Vitamin deficiencies, lack of proper rest, cigarette smoking and chronic stress can all lead to a compromised immune system. Proper nutrition is of utmost importance for anyone who wants a well-functioning immune system and for overall good health. Immune system aids or enhancers often include vitamin and mineral supplements, particularly those that may be lacking from the average diet. The vitamins A and C are particularly important, but need to be taken with the right combination of other vitamins and minerals to work effectively. Taking a good daily multi-vitamin is the easiest way to insure proper nutrition.
If one does not get adequate amounts of sleep, then the immune system cannot repair cells that were damaged during the day. When you are busy working or playing, the immune system is busy providing protection from injury. When you are resting the immune system can go about the business of destroying viruses and other sources of infection.
If you have numerous colds or other infections and you smoke, then you have another good reason to quit. Cigarette smoking leeches vitamin C from the body and impairs the body’s ability to absorb other important vitamins and minerals. Those who have been diagnosed with a compromised immune system, AIDS or a similar condition should make every effort to quit smoking.
Those who are under chronic stress have been shown to have lower than normal white blood cell counts. It is not always possible to reduce the amount of stress in our lives. For those who cannot, vitamin supplementation and an immune system aids, like the herb Andrographis Paniculata (AP) can be particularly helpful. Although some herbalists still recommend Echinacea, it has been shown to have toxic effects on the liver when used for extended periods of time. Animal studies have shown that AP, even in large amounts is non-toxic.
Many diseases are believed to be linked to dysfunction of the immune system. Rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, allergic rhinitis and other allergies, as well as numerous other diseases are all theoretically caused by improper immune system responses. It appears that the immune system attacks healthy cells and in the case of allergies, substances that would not cause infection, leading to inflammation. Because of this belief, prescribed medications for these and other diseases can lead to a compromised immune system. Corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatories can reduce white blood cell counts.
Immune system aids or enhancers, such as AP, have been shown in laboratory tests to increase white blood cell counts, reduce risks of infection and reduce the number of complications associated with common viruses, such as influenza. Beta glucans, a biologically active plant component, has been shown to stimulate the immune system, protect against colds, flu and infections, as well as AIDS by inhibiting viral replication. To learn more about products that contain AP, beta-glucans and other ingredients that can lead to the improvement of a compromised immune system, visit www.immune-system-booster-guide.com.






